Mercantilism is the idea of constant trade in a country in which one wishes to export more than they import. This also includes the government having much control over the trade of a country meaning the money goes into the government's hands to strengthen their power over their country and possibly even surrounding ones.
The Balance of Power is the idea that European nations should not dominate one over another, but instead should meet together, and keep their power equal. If one nations becomes too powerful, the other nations will work together to keep its power under control. This also includes if one ruler is ruling multiple nations.
The Middle Passage was the section of the Transatlantic trade where slaves from Africa were being transported to America. This passage put slaves in extremely harsh conditions, and many did not survive.
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